Flood Control & Soil Conservation MCQs for APSC PWD & WRD JE 2025

30 Flood Control & Soil Conservation MCQs for APSC JE PWD & Water Resources 2025

Topics Covered

• Flood Control Measures
• Flood Management Techniques
• Soil Erosion Control
• Soil Conservation Practices
• Watershed Management

Topic: Flood Control Measures

1. What is the primary purpose of a levee?

a) Store water for irrigation b) Prevent river flooding c) Generate hydropower d) Divert water to canals

Answer: b) Prevent river flooding
Levees are embankments that contain floodwaters within riverbanks.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

2. What is the function of a flood wall?

a) Reduce soil erosion b) Protect urban areas from flooding c) Store excess water d) Increase river flow

Answer: b) Protect urban areas from flooding
Flood walls are rigid barriers used in densely populated areas.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

3. What is a check dam used for?

a) Generate electricity b) Reduce flood velocity and erosion c) Store drinking water d) Divert water for irrigation

Answer: b) Reduce flood velocity and erosion
Check dams slow water flow and trap sediment.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

4. What is flood routing?

a) Diverting floodwater to canals b) Predicting floodwater movement c) Storing floodwater permanently d) Measuring rainfall intensity

Answer: b) Predicting floodwater movement
It analyzes how floodwater travels through rivers and reservoirs.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

5. What is the purpose of a detention basin?

a) Permanent water storage b) Temporary floodwater storage c) Irrigation supply d) Hydropower generation

Answer: b) Temporary floodwater storage
It holds runoff to reduce downstream flooding.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

6. What does the rational method calculate?

a) Groundwater recharge b) Peak runoff for drainage design c) Irrigation water demand d) Soil erosion rate

Answer: b) Peak runoff for drainage design
It estimates runoff based on rainfall and catchment area.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

7. What is the role of a spillway in flood control?

a) Store water permanently b) Release excess water from dams c) Divert water to irrigation canals d) Reduce soil erosion

Answer: b) Release excess water from dams
Spillways prevent dam overflow during floods.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

8. What is the purpose of river channelization?

a) Increase biodiversity b) Improve floodwater flow c) Store water for irrigation d) Reduce river depth

Answer: b) Improve floodwater flow
It straightens and deepens rivers to enhance drainage.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

9. What is a gabion structure?

a) Concrete dam b) Wire mesh filled with stones c) Steel flood gate d) Earthen embankment

Answer: b) Wire mesh filled with stones
Gabions stabilize riverbanks and prevent erosion.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

10. What is a flood plain zoning used for?

a) Storing floodwater b) Regulating land use near rivers c) Measuring rainfall d) Diverting water to canals

Answer: b) Regulating land use near rivers
It restricts development in flood-prone areas.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

11. What is the primary function of a storm drain?

a) Collect sewage b) Manage rainwater runoff c) Store groundwater d) Divert river water

Answer: b) Manage rainwater runoff
Storm drains prevent urban flooding.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

12. What is the purpose of afforestation in flood management?

a) Increase river depth b) Reduce runoff and erosion c) Store floodwater d) Improve water quality

Answer: b) Reduce runoff and erosion
Trees slow water flow and stabilize soil.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

13. What is a diversion channel?

a) A canal for irrigation b) A path to redirect floodwater c) A drainage system for groundwater d) A reservoir for storage

Answer: b) A path to redirect floodwater
It diverts excess water away from vulnerable areas.

Topic: Flood Management Techniques

14. What is the benefit of a flood forecasting system?

a) Permanent flood prevention b) Early warning for evacuation c) Increased water storage d) Reduced soil erosion

Answer: b) Early warning for evacuation
It predicts floods, allowing time for preparation.

Topic: Flood Control Measures

15. What is the purpose of a retaining wall in flood control?

a) Store water b) Prevent slope failure and flooding c) Divert river flow d) Generate power

Answer: b) Prevent slope failure and flooding
It stabilizes slopes near water bodies.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

16. What is the primary cause of soil erosion?

a) Wind and water b) Soil fertility c) Vegetation cover d) Temperature changes

Answer: a) Wind and water
These forces remove topsoil from unprotected land.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

17. What is contour plowing?

a) Plowing along slope contours b) Plowing downhill c) Plowing in straight lines d) Plowing across rivers

Answer: a) Plowing along slope contours
It reduces runoff and erosion on slopes.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

18. What is the purpose of terracing?

a) Increase soil fertility b) Reduce slope steepness and erosion c) Store water permanently d) Improve irrigation

Answer: b) Reduce slope steepness and erosion
Terraces slow water flow on hilly terrain.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

19. What is mulching?

a) Adding chemicals to soil b) Covering soil with organic material c) Removing topsoil d) Plowing deep into soil

Answer: b) Covering soil with organic material
It protects soil from erosion and retains moisture.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

20. What is the benefit of crop rotation?

a) Increased erosion b) Improved soil fertility and structure c) Reduced water retention d) Higher runoff

Answer: b) Improved soil fertility and structure
It prevents nutrient depletion and erosion.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

21. What is a windbreak?

a) A wall to store water b) Rows of trees to reduce wind erosion c) A dam to control floods d) A drainage channel

Answer: b) Rows of trees to reduce wind erosion
Windbreaks slow wind speed over soil surfaces.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

22. What is the purpose of strip cropping?

a) Increase runoff b) Alternate crops to reduce erosion c) Store water in soil d) Remove vegetation

Answer: b) Alternate crops to reduce erosion
It breaks the flow of water on slopes.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

23. What is gully erosion?

a) Sheet erosion over large areas b) Deep channels formed by water c) Wind-driven soil loss d) Soil displacement by plowing

Answer: b) Deep channels formed by water
Gullies are severe forms of erosion requiring control measures.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

24. What is the role of cover crops?

a) Increase soil erosion b) Protect soil from erosion c) Reduce soil fertility d) Divert water flow

Answer: b) Protect soil from erosion
They cover soil, reducing exposure to wind and water.

Topic: Watershed Management

25. What is watershed management?

a) Diverting rivers b) Managing land and water resources in a basin c) Storing floodwater permanently d) Measuring rainfall

Answer: b) Managing land and water resources in a basin
It ensures sustainable use and conservation.

Topic: Soil Erosion Control

26. What is the purpose of a silt fence?

a) Store water b) Trap sediment from runoff c) Increase soil fertility d) Divert floodwater

Answer: b) Trap sediment from runoff
It prevents soil from washing away during rainfall.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

27. What is no-till farming?

a) Deep plowing of soil b) Planting without disturbing soil c) Removing all vegetation d) Adding chemical fertilizers

Answer: b) Planting without disturbing soil
It reduces erosion and maintains soil structure.

Topic: Watershed Management

28. What is the benefit of rainwater harvesting in watersheds?

a) Increased erosion b) Reduced runoff and improved groundwater c) Higher flood risk d) Decreased soil fertility

Answer: b) Reduced runoff and improved groundwater
It conserves water and minimizes erosion.

Topic: Soil Conservation Practices

29. What is the purpose of grassed waterways?

a) Increase runoff speed b) Channel water to reduce erosion c) Store floodwater d) Remove soil nutrients

Answer: b) Channel water to reduce erosion
Grass slows water and protects soil.

Topic: Watershed Management

30. What is the role of vegetation in watershed management?

a) Increase flood risk b) Stabilize soil and reduce runoff c) Deplete groundwater d) Enhance soil erosion

Answer: b) Stabilize soil and reduce runoff
Vegetation anchors soil and slows water flow.